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怎样从单词直接看出词性

判断一个英语单词的词性可以通过其后缀判断,具体后缀种类如下:

1.名诃后缀

(1)-or/er/ess/crat/cis:做某件事情或职业的人或物: worker, debtor

(2)-acy,表示“性质,状态,境遇”democracy, accuracy, diplomacy

(3)-ance, -ence表示“性质,状况,行为,过程,总量,程度”importance, diligence,difference, obedience

(4)-ancy, -ency,表示“性质,状态,行为,过程”frequency, urgency, efficiency,

(5)-bility,表示“劝作,性质,状态”possibility, flexibility, feasibility,

(6)-dom,表示“等级,领域,状态”freedom, kingdom, wisdom

(7)-hood,表示“资格,身份,年纪,状态”childhood, manhood, falschood

(8)-ion, -sion,-tion, -ation, -ition表示”行为的过程,结果,状况“ action,solution, conclusion, destruction, expression, correction

(9)-ism,表示“制度,主义,学说,信仰,行为“ socialism, criticism, colloquialism,heroism

(10)-ity,表示“性质,状态,程度”purity, reality, ability, calamity

(11)-ment,表示“行为,状态,过程,手段及其结果treatment, movement,judgment, punishment, argument

(12)-ness,表示“性质,状态,程度”goodness, kindness, tiredness, fricndliness

(13)-ship,表示”情况,性质,技巧,技能及身份,职业”hardship, membership,friendship

(14)-th,表示“动作,性质,过程,状态”depth, wealth, truth, length, growth

(15)-tude,表示“性质,状态,程度“ latitude,altitudo海拔)

(16)-ure,表示“行为,结果”exposure, pressure, failure, procedur研续),

(17)-grapy,表示....学写法”biograpby, calligraphy, geography

(18)-iC, ics, 表示.....学....法“ logic, mechanics, electronics, linguistics

(19)-ology,表示........论”biology, zoology, technology艺学)

2.形容诃后缀

(1)带有“属性,倾向,相关”的含义-able, -ible, visible, flexible

(2)名词-ish, foolish, bookish, selfis注意 accomplish, vanish)

(3)-ive, active, sensitive, productive

(4)-like, manlike, childlike

(5)名词-ly, manly, fatherly, scholarly, motherly

(6)-some, troublesome, handsome

(7)-ful, beautiful, wonderful, helpful, truthful

(8)-ous, dangerous, gencrous, courageous, various

(9)-ent, violent

(10)-most, foremost, topmost

(11)less,表示否定,countless, stainless, wireless

3.动词后缀

(1)-ize, ise, 表示“做成,变成,....化. “modernize, mechanize, democratize,

organize

(2)-en,表示“使成为,引起,使有”quicken, weaken, soften, harden

(3)-fy,表示......化,使成”beautify, purify, intensify, signify, simplify

(4)-ish,表示“使,”令 ”fidish, abolish, diminish, establish

(5)-ate,表示“成为....处理,作用”separate, operate, indicate

4.副诃后缀

(形容词)-ly: bad-badly坏地恶劣地,careful-carefully小心地

-wise; clock-clockwise顺时针方向的(地);like -likewise同样地

-wards: ou-outwards向外面地

扩展资料:

英语词性分类

1、名词,表示事物的名称 noun

2、动词,表示动作 verb

3、形容词,修饰名词定语或作表语,表状态 adjective

4、副词,修饰动词 adverb

5、代词,指代 pronoun

6、冠词 article

7、介词 preposition

8、连词 conjunction

9、感叹词 interjection

10、数词 numeral