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初中英语单词总结

一、一般现在时:

概念:经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。

时间状语:

always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays, etc.

基本结构:①be动词;②行为动词

否定形式:①am/is/are+not;②此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词,则在其前加don't,如主语为第三人称单数,则用doesn't,同时还原行为动词。

一般疑问句:①把be动词放于句首;②用助动词do提问,如主语为第三人称单数,则用does,同时,还原行为动词。

二、一般过去时:

概念:过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态;过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。

时间状语:ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week(year, night, month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc.

基本结构:①be动词;②行为动词

否定形式:①was/were+not;②在行为动词前加didn't,同时还原行为动词。

一般疑问句:①was或were放于句首;②用助动词do的过去式did 提问,同时还原行为动词。

三、现在进行时:

概念:表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。

时间状语:now, at this time, these days, etc.

基本结构:am/is/are+doing

否定形式:am/is/are+not+doing.

一般疑问句:把be动词放于句首。

四、过去进行时:

概念:表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。

时间状语:at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。

基本结构:was/were+doing

否定形式:was/were + not + doing.

一般疑问句:把was或were放于句首。

五、现在完成时:

概念:过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,或从过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态。

时间状语:recently, lately, since…for…,in the past few years, etc.

基本结构:have/has + done

否定形式:have/has + not +d one.

一般疑问句:have或has。

六、过去完成时:

概念:以过去某个时间为标准,在此以前发生的动作或行为,或在过去某动作之前完成的行为,即“过去的过去”。

时间状语:before, by the end of last year(term, month…),etc.

基本结构:had + done.

否定形式:had + not + done.

一般疑问句:had放于句首。

七、一般将来时:

概念:表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。

时间状语:tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, in a few minutes, by…,the day after tomorrow, etc.

基本结构:①am/is/are/going to + do;②will/shall + do.

否定形式:①was/were + not; ②在行为动词前加didn't,同时还原行为动词。

一般疑问句:①be放于句首;②will/shall提到句首。

八、过去将来时:

概念:立足于过去某一时刻,从过去看将来,常用于宾语从句中。

时间状语:the next day(morning, year…),the following month(week…),etc.

基本结构:①was/were/going to + do;②would/should + do.

否定形式:①was/were/not + going to + do;②would/should + not + do.

一般疑问句:①was或were放于句首;②would/should 提到句首。

be important to sb. 对某人重要

electrical appliance 电器

electric kettle 电水壶

public transport 公***交通

as well 也

link up sth with sth 把……和……连接起来

run through 穿过

be made of 用……制成

it is good to do sth 这样做某事很好

The wind is blowing

be friendly to sb. 对……友好

have a competition 进行一次竞赛

make sb. do sth. 让某人做某事

use sth. to do sth. 用某物做某事

use sth. for doing sth. 用某物做某事

finish doing sth. 结束做某事

show sth. to sb. 展示某物给某人

at the right time 在合适的时间

Water festival

How are you getting on with… 你……进展如何

be prepared for 为……作准备

tell sb. to do sth 告诉某人做某事

not only … but also 不仅……还……

three forms of water 水的三种形式

keep doing sth. 保持做某事

for a while 一段时间

be suitable for 适合于

Time’s up 时间用完了

beware of 小心

allow sb. to do sth.

allow doing sth

be allowed to do sth (被动语态)

know about 知道,了解

in the world 在世界上

class teacher 班主任

the first prize 一等奖

the first place 第一名

on one's way to sp. 在某人……的路上

take part in 参加

in the street 在街上

turn back 回转身来

hurry to sp. 慌忙去某地

friendship store 友谊商店

science fiction film 科幻电影

go to the movies 去看电影

laugh at 嘲笑

stop to do sth. 停下做另一件事

in the end 最后

keep doing sth. 保持做某事

talk about sth. 谈论某事

how do you like=what do you think of 你认为如何

what about ……怎么样

I think so, too 我也这么认为

begin doing sth. 开始做某事

talk with sb. 与某人谈论

say to sb. 与某人说话

just now 刚才

with a smile 面带微笑

both……and…… 两者都

at the end of 最后

buy sth. for sb.=buy sb.sth. 买……给……

make great progress 取得进步

manage to do sth. 尽力做某事

during the summer holidays 暑假期间

get angry 生气

what is wrong with you=what is the matter 你怎么了

stay at home 呆在家里

by the way 顺便问一下

between……and…… 在……和……之间

there goes the bell 铃响了

be born 出生

be interested in 对……感兴趣

of one's own 属于某人自己的

have to 不得不

test tube 试管

electric light 电灯

last year 去年

each other/one another 互相(两者之间)/互相(两者以上)

not only……but also…… 不但……而且……

be good at 擅长于

catch one's eye 引起某人的注意

pick up 拾起

to one's great joy 让某人大为高兴的是

cross talk 相声

pop song 流行歌曲

Young Pioneer 少先队员

look up 向上看

stand up 站起来

over and over 再三

to one's surprise 使某人惊奇的是

just a minute 等一下

make a mistake 犯错误

belong to 属于某人自己的

go boating 去划船

ask for leave 请假

have a bad cold 患重感冒

kind of 稍微有点

football game 足球赛

used to 过去常常

go to town 进城

on foot 步行

ought to 应该

the Nile 尼罗河

the Amazon 亚马逊河

the Yangtze River 长江(扬子江)

as…as 同……一样

not as…as,not so…as 不如……那样

the Atlantic 大西洋

keep up-to-date 赶时髦

the underground 地铁

underground railway 地铁

had better 还是……好,最好还是……

do shopping 购物

quite a few 好几个

make friends(with) (与……)交朋友

Chinese painting (中国)国画

shop assistant 营业员

give up 放弃

do one's best 尽力

at the South Pole 在南极

set up 建立;设立

collect information(about) 收集(有关……的)情报

with one voice 异口同声

the day after tomorrow 后天

according to 按照

fall off 跌落

look out of 从……朝外看

go up to 走上前去

concert hall 音乐厅

lantern show 灯盏

take place 发生

take the place of 代替

joint venture 合资企业

under way 在筹建中

final exam 期终考试

go to do sth. 去做某事

in the afternoon 在下午

be happy to do sth. 做……开心

around the house 在房子周围

as we all know 众所周知

South America 南美洲

help sb./sth. to do sth. 帮助某人/某物做某事

in a hurry 匆匆忙忙

above the ground 在地面上

had better do sth. 最好做某事

make progress 取得进步

look worried 看上去很担忧

I see 我明白

show sth. to sb. 把某物展示给某人看

make a fire 生火

keep the balance of nature 保持自然平衡

on top of 在……顶部

a lot 许多

anything else 还有什么吗

go to the checkout 去结账

make mistakes 犯错误

this time 这次

come back 回来

plan to do sth. 计划作某事

two hours later 两小时以后

feel sorry 感到抱歉

here it is 在这里

next time 下一次

make friends with sb. 与某人交朋友

after work 工作之余

give up smoking 戒烟

manage to do sth.=try to do sth. 尽力做某事

do one's best=try one's best 尽力某人最大力做某事

show sb.round(around) sp. 带领某人参观某地

take sb. to sp. 带领某人去某地

tell sb. about sth. 告诉某人关于某事

at the South Pole 在南极洲

at the station 在工作站

a bit 有点

on Sunday morning 在星期天的早上

go downstairs 下楼

go up to 走到……的前面

It's a pleasure 这是我的荣幸

move to sp. 搬到……

have taken place 代替

knock at the door 敲门

again and again=over and over 再三

ask sb.to do sth. 要求某人做某事

allow sb. to do sth.

ask sb.(not) to do sth .

be ask to do sth.

be afraid to do sth.

be amazed to do sth.

be busy doing/with sth.

be coming/going/leaving/flying/moving/dying

be excited to do sth.

be glad/happy to do sth.

look for

look like

look back

look forward to (doing)

look black

look bule

look about

look on

look through

look after

look down on

look out

look up

look well

come up with

come down

think of

think over

think of

think about

pick up

have a try

have a rest

try on

try out

all over

large numbers of

a number of

no matter

give up

give back

ever since

even thouth

even if

as if

the Olympic Games

so far

so that

beacuse of

come true

come on

come over

slow down

sit down

stand up

be proud of

be pleased with

be afraid of

be amazed at

be angry with

be able to

be worth doing

be made in

be made of

be used for

be full of

be filled with

be busy doing

be excited about

be nervous

be quiet

speak highly of

not only but also

cut down

make a contribution to

do well in

be good at

as soon as possible

as soon as

as little as

as much as

as long as

as well

all kinds of

a piece of cake

keep doing sth.

enjoy doing sth.

finish doing sth.

like doing sth.

perfer to do rather than do

perfer to do

regard as

pay for

spend on

It takes sb.sometime to do sth.

practise doing sth.

coral reef

Inner Mongolia

New Zealand

clean up

on earth

in fact

in this way

rush out

open up

New Jersey

turn down

turn up

turn off

turn on

take off

take on

put on

put off

put up

put down

check up

check-out

go over

base on

live on

once upon a time

before long

long before

long long ago

a long time before

give birth to

make a mistake

make a desition

make a discussion

make sb.do sth.

make sure

writing brush

a TV set

on show

on display

on earth

on watch

Gobi Desert

human being

hear of

run away

point to

point at

thanks to

hand in

the more ,the better

more or less

send up

send to

shut down

set up one~s mind to do

hour after hour

multiply by

at the beginning of

at the ending of

by the end of

by the time

at the end of

at the age of

at last

at least

more and more

rather than

beg one~s pardon

wear out

credit card

a place of interest

drop off

for ever

Peking Opera

the Great Hall of the People

the Palace Museum

make up one~s mind to do

at sea

two-story

mobile phone

deserve to do

midfield player

shot at

shot to

carry on

work out

never mind

from now on

from that time on

from then on

sink or swim

hands up

trap on

self-respect

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