一、介词按其构成可分为:
1. 简单介词 at, in, on, to, since, until 等。如:
2. 复合介词 into, onto, out of 等。如:
3. 二重介词 from under, from behind, from out of, until after, except in 等。如:
4. 短语介词 because of, instead of, in spite of 等。如:
二、介词的作用:
1. 表示地点:after, along, at, below, by, of, near, over, through, under 等。如:
2. 表示时间:about, after, across, at, during, for, in, of, till, until 等。如:
3. 表示动作:at, across, around, on, over, under 等。如:
4. 表示比较:as, like, above, over, with 等。如:
5. 表示原因:about, for, from, with 等。如:
6. 表示条件:to, with, without 等。如:
7. 表示手段、方式:as, by, in, with 等。如:
8. 表示距离、数量:from, in, within 等。如:
9. 表示目的:as, for 等。如:
10. 表示让步:for, with 等。如:
for 还可以引导插入语,例如:
副词(adverb,简写为adv)是一种用来修饰动词、形容词、全句的词,说明时间、地点、程度、方式等概念的词。副词是一种半虚半实的词。副词可分为:地点副词、方式副词、程度副词、疑问副词和连接副词。
副词连用顺序:程度副词+方式副词+地点副词+时间副词。
副词
[adverb] 起修饰或限制动词或形容词作用、表程度或范围的词。
1) 时间和频度副词:
now,then,often,always,usually,early,today,
late, next,lastday,already,generally,frequently,
seldom,ever,never,yet,soon,too,
immediately, finally,shortly, before, ago,sometimes, yesterday. once,twice
2) 地点副词:
here, there, everywhere, anywhere, in, out, inside,
outside, above, below, down, back, forward, home, upstairs, downstairs, across,
along, round , around, near, off, past, up, away, on.
3) 方式副词:
carefully, properly, anxiously, suddenly, normally,
fast, well, calmly, politely, proudly, softly, warmly
4) 程度副词:
much,little, very,rather,so,too,still, quite,
perfectly, enough, extremely, entirely,almost, slightly, hardly.
5) 疑问副词:
how, when, where, why.
6) 关系副词:
when, where, why.
7) 连接副词:
therefore,moreover,however,otherwise,then.