live by 意为“以……为生”,by后接动名词,表示方式;live on 也作“以……为主”解释,但on后接名词,表示主语主要吃什么,即主食是什么或表示主语的收入。如:
(1)They lived by fishing and hunting. 他们靠海猎为生。
(2)The six Indian blind men lived by begging.这六个印度盲人靠乞讨为生。
(3)People in the south live on rice.南方人以大米为主食。
(4)They lived on a small income. 他们靠微薄的收入维持生活