我们这里需要辨析这两个词语的含义：
两个词汉语都可以解释成放弃
但是有区别：abandon，侧重于遗弃，比如婴儿或者宠物等。quit我们指放弃一项工作，比如常用的：quit the job 辞职。
abandon one's idea
放弃自己的想法
abandon the attempts
放弃尝试
They abandon themselves to drinking
他们沉湎于饮酒。
Do not abandon yourself to despair
不要悲观失望。
I was obliged to abandon that idea
我不得不放弃那个想法。
The next-best solution is to abandon the project altogether
仅次於最佳的解决方法是放弃全部计画。
Those who abandon themselves to despair can not succeed
那些自暴自弃的人无法成功。
The girls jumped up and down and waved their arms with abandon
那些女孩子跳上跳下尽情地挥舞着手臂。
He used to abandon his work for months at a time
他过去每次放下工作就是几个月。
The time has come to abandon the romantic view of Imperial history
现在已经到了抛弃帝国历史的幻想的时候了。
Inasmuch as the debtor has gone bankrupt, I will abandon the claim
债务人既已破产,我将放弃债权。
She rationalized her decision to abandon her baby by saying she could not afford to keep it
她为抛弃婴儿事辩称自己抚养不起.
abandon
a.ban.don
AHD:[…-b2n“d…n]
D.J.[*6b#nd*n]
K.K.[*6b#nd*n]
v.tr.（及物动词）
a.ban.doned， a.ban.don.ing， a.ban.dons
(1)
To withdraw one's support or help from, especially in spite of duty, allegiance, or responsibility; desert:
放弃，抛弃：不顾义务，忠诚或责任而不予支持或帮助；遗弃：
abandon a friend in trouble.
抛弃处于危难中的朋友
(2)
To give up by leaving or ceasing to operate or inhabit, especially as a result of danger or other impending threat:
离弃，丢弃：通过离开、停止操作或不再居住而放弃，特别是危险或迫近的威胁所导致的结果：
abandoned the ship.
弃船
(3)
To surrender one's claim to, right to, or interest in; give up entirely.See Synonyms at relinquish
使屈从：使某人放弃要求、权利或兴趣；完全放弃参见 relinquish
(4)
To cease trying to continue; desist from:
停止进行；终止：
abandoned the search for the missing hiker.
放弃搜寻走失的远足者
(5)
To yield (oneself) completely, as to emotion.
完全屈从：完全屈从，如情感
n.（名词）
(1)
Unbounded enthusiasm; exuberance.
放任，放纵：无限制的激情；充溢
(2)
A complete surrender of inhibitions.
完全屈从于压制
语源
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(1)
Middle English abandounen
中古英语 abandounen
(2)
from Old French abandoner
源自 古法语 abandoner
(3)
from a bandon
源自 a bandon
(4)
a [at] from Latin ad * see ad-
a [在] 源自 拉丁语 ad *参见 ad-
(5)
bandon [control] * see bh3- 2
bandon [控制] *参见 bh3- 2
继承用法
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aban“donment
n.（名词）
现代英汉词典
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abandon
[E5bAndEn]
vt.
(1)
抛弃；舍弃；离弃
abandon one's home
离弃家园
He abandoned his wife and went away with all their money.
他抛弃了妻子还带走了两人所有的钱。
(2)
放弃；停止做（某事）
They abandoned the game because of rain.
因为下雨比赛停止了。
(3)
放纵；放任
He abandoned himself to despair.
他自暴自弃。
词性变化
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abandon
n.
(1)
放肆；放纵
They shouted in gay abandon.
他们放肆地大声喊叫。
(2)
（海运保险）委付
现代英汉综合大辞典
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abandon
[E5bAndEn]
vt.
(1)
放弃
(2)
(=desert)遗弃, 丢弃
(3)
放肆, 放纵; 沉湎于
(4)
委付(将部分损失的保险物给保险商, 以获得全额赔款)
abandon one's idea
放弃自己的想法
He abandoned his wife and child.
他遗弃了他的妻子和孩子。
They abandon themselves to drinking.
他们沉湎于饮酒。
Do not abandon yourself to despair.
不要悲观失望。
词性变化
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abandon
[E5bAndEn]
n.
放肆; 放纵; 尽情; 任意
The girls jumped up and down and waved their arms with abandon.
那些女孩子跳上跳下尽情地挥舞着手臂。
继承用法
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abandonable
adj.
abandoner
n.
放弃者;律遗弃者
习惯用语
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abandon oneself to
沉缅于, 陷入
参考词汇
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abandon desert forsake quit
都含有“放弃”、“遗弃”的意思。
(1)
abandon 强调“完全、永远地遗弃”, 尤其是指遗弃以前感兴趣或负有责任的人或物, 如:
She abandoned her child.
她遗弃了她的孩子。
(2)
desert 强调“违背誓言、命令、责任、义务等”, 如:
The soldier deserted his country and helped the enemy.
那个士兵叛国助敌。
(3)
forsake 指“遗弃某人以前所爱的人或物”, 强调“断绝情感上的依恋”, 如:
She pleaded with her husband not to forsake her.
她恳求丈夫不要抛弃她。
(4)
quit 强调“突然或不意地弃去”, 常指“停止”, 如:
She quitted her job.
她放弃了自己的工作。
keep maintain
用法词典
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abandon
这个词的古法语是 à bandon.à=at 在，bandon 力量，权威
参考词汇
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(1)
abandon,desert,forsake这三个动词的一般含义是“丢弃”。
(2)
abondon 的确切含义是失去控制，或丧失了占有的能力，或“放弃”某物而不准备再要了。
and since most medical men in the Health Services are overworked and have little time for offering time-consuming and littleappreciated advice on such subjects as diet, right living, and the need for abandoning bad habits, …。
…因为卫生部门多数医务工作者都过度疲劳，他们几乎没有时间提供诸如食谱、正确的起居和克服坏习惯的必要性等方面的既费时间又不被赏识的意见…。
(3)
desert 的确切含义是“过去占有过”或“过去是伙伴”。狭义地讲，这个词指“抛弃自己的义务”。
a deserted village
空无一人的村庄
a deserted street at night
夜里无人的大街
the deserted wife and children
被遗弃的妻子儿女
As he hated army life, he decide to desert his regiment.
因为他嫌恶军队生活，所以他决心背弃自己所在的那个团。
Few things could be more impressive than the peace that descends on deserted city streets at week-ends when the thousands that travel to work every day are tucked away in their homes in the country.
每当周末，那些天天远道赶来上班的数千人们，又躲进乡下自己的家里。此刻有一种宁静的气氛笼罩着那无人的大街。它给人们的感受是无与伦比的。
(4)
forsake 通常表示与某人或某物脱离联系。
to forsake one's former belief
放弃过去的信仰
to forsake one's old friend
背离老朋友
He was forsaken smoking for years.
他戒烟已有多年了。
英文相关词典
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abandon
cease depart desert discard discontinue evacuate forsake leave quit relinquish surrender withdraw conserve maintain retain
[七国语言]英汉地质大词典
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abandon
废弃
[七国语言]英汉公***大词典
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abandon
废弃;放弃;抛弃
[七国语言]英汉机械工程大词典
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abandon
抛弃
美国传统词典
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abandon
a.ban.don
AHD:[…-b2n“d…n]
D.J.[*6b#nd*n]
K.K.[*6b#nd*n]
v.tr.
a.ban.doned, a.ban.don.ing, a.ban.dons
(1)
To withdraw one's support or help from, especially in spite of duty, allegiance, or responsibility; desert:
abandon a friend in trouble.
(2)
To give up by leaving or ceasing to operate or inhabit, especially as a result of danger or other impending threat:
abandoned the ship.
(3)
To surrender one's claim to, right to, or interest in; give up entirely.See Synonyms at relinquish
(4)
To cease trying to continue; desist from:
abandoned the search for the missing hiker.
(5)
To yield (oneself) completely, as to emotion.
n.
(1)
Unbounded enthusiasm; exuberance.
(2)
A complete surrender of inhibitions.
语源
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(1)
Middle English abandounen
(2)
from Old French abandoner
(3)
from a bandon
(4)
a [at] from Latin ad * see ad-
(5)
bandon [control] * see bh3- 2
继承用法
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aban“donment
n.
朗文英汉综合电脑词典
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abandon
放弃，抛弃，作废
英汉法学大词典
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abandon
v.抛弃,放弃 ,废弃,舍弃 ,委弃,遗弃
英汉航海大词典
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abandon
n.委付,放弃
英汉环境大词典
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abandon
n.废弃
英汉航空大词典
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abandon
n.1抛弃,断绝
英汉化学大词典
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abandon
vt.抛弃
英汉海运大词典
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abandon
弃，放弃，抛弃弃船委付，委弃
基本词义
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abandon
放弃委付，委弃
基本词义
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abandon
放弃，抛弃，弃船委付，委弃
英汉经贸大词典
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abandon
n.委付,放弃,投保
英汉计算机大词典
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abandon
vt.抛弃
英汉建筑大词典
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abandon
vt.允许算期付款,放弃,投保
最新会计师英汉大词典
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abandon
投保
英汉水利大词典
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abandon
n.抛弃,放弃,废弃
英汉贸易大词典
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abandon
投保,放弃
现代商务英汉大词典
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abandon
委付,放弃(被保险船舶或货物若遇到严重海难,其损失程度已构成推定全损时,可向保险人申请全部赔偿,但必须将全部残存物委付保险人)
英汉中医大词典
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abandon
n.抛弃,放弃
我认为应该常看这样就会很容易记住了
记住学英语只有好坏之分无容易和难之分