亲,下面由?天马行空外语团?小奇奇?为您解答
让步状语从句,一般翻译为“尽管……”或“即使……”,也可以翻译为“退一步说....”,一般由though,although,while,as;?even?if,even?though;等词引导
让步状语从句涉及到的倒装:
as?/?though?引导的让步从句,将作表语的形容词或名词或状语提前。
让步状语从句的倒装的注意事项:
? (1)句首名词不能带任何冠词。
? (2)句首是实义动词,?其他助动词放在主语后。如果实义动词有宾语和状语, ?随实义动词一起放在主语之前。
上面只是概述,仔细分,可以分为以下五种句型,熟记并加以训练,那么他就不会挡住你前行的脚步:
一、名词?+?as?/?though?+?主语?+?动词?
King?as?he?was,?he?was?unhappy.?他虽是国王,但他并不幸福。?
Child?as?he?is,?he?knows?to?help?other.?他虽是个孩子,却知道帮助别人。?
Teacher?though?he?is,?he?can’t?know?everything.?他虽然是老师,但也不可能什么都懂。?
说明其中的动词通常为连系动词,也就是说位于句首的名词是其后连系动词的表语。另外,要特别注意位于句首的名词前习惯上不用冠词,即使其前有形容词修饰也不用冠词。比较:?
Boy?as?[though]?he?is,?he?likes?to?play?with?girls.=Thoughhe?is?a?boy,?he?likes?to?play?with?girls.?他虽是男孩,却喜欢与女孩子玩。?
Strong?man?as?[though]?he?is,?General?Botha?has?been?severely?put?to?the?test?during?the?past?few?weeks.=?Thoughhe?is?a?strong?man,?General?Botha?has?been?severely?put?to?the?test?during?the?past?few?weeks.?波赛将军虽然坚强,但在过去的数周里也受到了严峻的考验。?
二、形容词?+?as?/?though?+?主语?+?动词?
Successful?as?he?is,?he?is?not?proud.?他虽然成功,但不骄傲。?
Improbable?as?it?seems,?it’s?true.?虽然看起来不太可能,但却是真的。?
Stupid?as?it?sounds,I?was?so?in?love?with?her?that?I?believed?her.?尽管听起来很愚蠢,我是如此爱她竟然相信了她的话。?
Patient?as?he?was,he?didn’t?like?waiting?that?long.?他虽说有耐心,也不愿等这么长。?
Beautiful?though?the?necklace?was,we?thought?it?was?over-priced.?那条项链虽然很漂亮,我们认为价钱太高。?
说明其中的动词也通常为连系动词,也就是说位于句首的形容词是其后连系动词的表语。?
三、副词?+?as?/?though?+?主语?+?动词?
Much?as?I?like?Paris,I?couldn’t?live?there.?尽管我喜欢巴黎,但我不能住在那里。?
Hard?though?they?tried,?they?couldn’t?make?her?change?her?mind.?尽管他们做了很大努力,却没法让她改变主意。?
Fast?as?you?read,?you?can’t?finish?the?book?in?two?days.?尽管你读得很快,你总不能在两天之内就读完这本书。?
He?was?unable?to?make?much?progress,?hard?as?he?tried.?尽管他做了努力,却未能取得很大进步。?
说明有的词典将?much?as?作为习语看待,认为它是一个用以引导让步状语从句的复合连词。再如:?
Much?as?I?admire?him?as?a?writer,I?do?not?like?him?as?a?man.?他作为一名作家我很佩服他,但我却不喜欢他这个人。?
Much?as?I?like?you,?I?couldn’t?live?with?you.?我尽管很喜欢你,?却不能和你在一起生活。?
四、动词原形?+?as?/?though?+?主语?+?动词?
Object?as?you?may,?I’ll?go.纵使你反对,我也要去。?
Try?as?he?might,?he?couldn’t?solve?the?problem.?尽管他想方设法,却未解决这个问题。?
Search?as?they?would,?they?would?find?nobody?in?the?house.?无论怎样搜查,他们在房子里仍然没有找到一个人。?
Dislike?him?as?we?may,?we?must?acknowledge?his?greatness.?尽管我们不喜欢他,但必须承认他的伟大。?
Lose?money?as?I?did,?we?got?a?lot?of?experience.?钱虽然丢了,我们却得到了许多经验。?
Fail?in?the?election?as?he?did,?he?became?famous?for?his?fiery?speech?against?slavery.?尽管落选了,但他却以其反对奴隶制的激烈演说而出了名。?
说明主语后的动词通常为?may,?might,?would,?did?等情态动词或助动词(若表示情态意义,则选用情态动词;若陈述事实,则用?did,?do?等助动词)。?
五、分词?+?as?/?though?+?主语?+?动词?
Raining?hard?as?it?is,?I’m?going?out?for?a?walk.?虽然正在下着大雨,我还是要出去散步。?
Surrounded?as?we?were?by?the?enemy,?we?managed?to?march?forward.?虽然我们被敌人包围着,但我们还是设法前进了。?
Munching?the?apple?as?he?was,?he?had?got?an?eye?for?all?John’s?movements.?他尽管在一个劲地嚼着苹果,但仍警惕着约翰的一举一动。?
三条补充说明?
1.这类倒装的让步状语从句可用?as,?though?来引导,不能用?although?来引导;但是,未倒装的让步状语从句却可用?though,?although?来引导,而不能用?as?来引导。也就是说,?although?引导让步状语从句时不能倒装,as?引导让步状语从句时必须倒装,而?though?引导让步状语从句时可以倒装也可以不倒装。如:?
虽然很晚了,但我们还是继续工作。?
正:Late?as?[though]?it?was,?we?still?went?on?working.?
正:Thoughit?was?late,?we?still?went?on?working.?
误:Late?although?it?was,?we?still?went?on?working?.?
误:As?it?was?late,?we?still?went?on?working.?
2.?上面提到的倒装结构有时也可用来表示原因,区别的办法主要看句子的内容:让步从句的内容大多数与主句在意义上相反,而原因从句则与主句之间有因果关系。比较:?
Tired?as?he?was,?he?sat?up?late?studying?at?night.?昨晚他虽然很疲倦了,但还是学习到很晚才睡。(表让步)?
Tired?as?he?was,?he?went?to?bed?early.?因为很累,所以他睡得很早。(表原因)?
Young?as?he?was,?he?was?equal?to?the?task.?他虽年轻,却能胜任这项工作。(表让步)?
Young?as?he?was,?he?was?not?equal?to?the?task.?他因为年轻,所以不能胜任这项工作。(表原因)?
3.?在美国英语中,人们通常用?as...as?引导让步状语从句。如:?
Cold?as?it?was,?we?went?out.=As?cold?as?it?was,?we?went?out.?尽管天气冷,我们还是出去了。?
Successful?as?he?is,?he?is?not?proud.=As?successful?as?he?is,?he?is?not?proud.?他虽成功了,但不骄傲。
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