the+单数普通名词表示 a.任何一个(即:定指) b.某个特定事物(即:泛指)
eg. a: The tiger is a fierce (凶猛的) animal.
b. The dog is mine. I love it.
the+复数普通名词表示 某些特定事物(即:定指)
e.g. I love the dogs.
专有名词前有的加the,有的不加the (需分别记,简单的规则是:单个词的不加the,如China,多个词的加the,如the United States of America,但是还是要各个留心记)
e.g. The earth goes around the sun.
China is a big country.
不带the 的复数普通名词表示一类(即:泛指)
e.g. Tigers are fierce animals. (和The tiger is a fierce animal意思相同,注意形式上的差别)
某些固定用法:如listen to the radio里有个the, watch TV里没有the, in (the)spring加不加the意思相同。go to (the) school,加不加the意思不同
参见《朗文当代英语词典》